Noble prize winner’s of physics from 1901-2011

2011

The prize was awardid with one half to SAUL PERLMUTTER and the other half to BRIAN P. SCHMIDT and ADAM G. RIESS FOR THE DISCOVERY of the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe through observations of distance supernovae

2010

The prize was awarded jointly to; ANDRE GEIM and KONSTANTIN NOVOSELOV for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two dimensional material graphene.

2009

The prize is being awarded with one half to; CHARLES K. KAO for groundbreaking achievements concerning transmission of light in fibers for optical communication

2008

The prize is being awarded with one half to; YOICHIRO NAMBU for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in sub atoms physics

And the other half jointly to; MAKOTO KOBAYASHI and TOSHIHIDE MASKAWA for the discovery of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of the last three families of quarks in nature

2007

The prize is being awarded with one half to ; ALBERT FERT and PETER GRUNBERS for the discovery of giant magneto resistance.

2006

The prize is being awarded with one half to; JOHN C. MATHER and GEORGE C. SMOOTH for the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation

2005

The prize is being awarded with one half to

ROY J.GLAUBER  for their contributions to the quantum theory of optical coherence and one half jointly to JOHN L. HALL and THEODOR W. HANSCH for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy. Including the optical frequency comb technique

2004

The prize is being awarded with one half to; DAVIDE J. GROSS, H. DAVID POLITZER and FRANK WILCZEK for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction

2003

The prize is being awarded with one half to; ALEXI A. ABRIKOSOV, VITALY L. GINZBURG and ANTHONY J. LEGGETT for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and super fluids.

2002

The prize is being awarded jointly to; RAYMOND DAVIS JR, and MASATOSHI KOSHIBA for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos and the other half to ; RICCARDO GILCCONI for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources.

2001

The prize is being awarded jointly to;

ERIC A. CORNELL, WOLFGANG KETTERLE and CAREL E. WIEMAN for the achievement of Bose- Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms ,and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates.

2000

The prize is being awarded with one half to; ZHORES I.ALFEROV and HERBERT KROEMER for developing a semiconductor hetero structures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics and one half to JACK ST. CLAIR KILBY for his part in the integrated circuit.

1999

The prize is being awarded jointly to; GERARDUS ‘T HOOFT and MARTINUS J.G. VELTMAN for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics.

1998

The prize is being awarded jointly to; ROBERT B. LAUGHLIN, HORST L. STORMER and WILLIAM D. PHILLIPS for  the  discovery of new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations.

1997

The prize is being awarded jointly to STEVEN CHU, CLAUDE COHEN- TANNOUDJI and WILLIAM D. PHILLIPS for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light.

1996

DAVID M.LEE, DOUGLAS D. OSHEROFF and ROBERT C. RICHARDSON for  their discovery of super fluidity in helium-3.

1995

The prize is being awarded with one half to; MARTIN L. PERL for the discovery of the tau lepton. And the other half to. FREDERICK REINES for the detection of neutrino.

The prise was awarded for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics.

1994

The prize was awarded for pioneering contribution to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter to;

BERTRAM N. BROCKHOUSE for the development of neutron spectroscopy and CLIFFORD G. SHULL for the development of neutron diffraction technique.

1993

The prize is being awarded jointly to; RUSSELL A. HULSE and JOSEPH H. TAYLOR JR. For the discovery of a new type of pulsar. a discovery that has opened up now possibilities for the study of gravitation.

1992

GEORGES CHARPAK for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber.

1991

PIERRE-GILLES DE GENNES discovering that methods developed for studying order  phenomena in simple systems can be generalize to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals’  to polymers.

1990

The prize was awarded jointly to:

JEROME I. FRIEDMAN, HENRY W. KENDALL and RICHARD E. TAYLOR for their pioneering investigation concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of  essential importance for the development of quark model in particle physics.

1989

One half of the award was given to:

NORMAN F. RAMSEY for the invention of the separated oscillatory field’s method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks.

And the other half jointly to:

HANS G. DEHMELT and WOLFGANG PAUL for the development of the ion trap technique.

1988

The prize was awarded jointly to; LEON M. LEDERMAM, MELVIN SCHWARTZ and  JACK STEINBERGER for  the neutrino beam method and demonstration of double structure of leptons’ through the discovery of muon neutrino.

1987

The prize was awarded jointly to:

J.GEORG BEDNORZ and k. ALEXANDER MULLER for their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials.

1986

The prize was awarded jointly to; ERNST RUSKA for the fundamental work in electron optics , and for the design of  the first electron microscope.

GERD BINNIG and HEINRICH ROHRER for their design of the scanning tunnelling microscope.

1985

KLAUS VON KLITZING for discovery of quantized Hall Effect.

1984

 The prize was awarded jointly to; CARLO RUBBIA and SIMON VAN DER MEER for  their decisive contributions to the large project, which lead to the discovery of the field particles W and Z , communicators of week in traction.

1983

 The prize was divided equally between; SUBRAMANYAN CHANDRASEKHAR for the theoretical studies of physical processes of importance to structure and evolution of he stars. 

WILLIAM A. FOWLER for the theoretical studies of the nuclear reaction of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in universe.

1982

KENNETH G. WILSON for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions.

  

1981

The prize was awarded dy one half jointly to; NCOLASS BLOEMBERGEN and ARTHUR L. SCHAWLW for their contribution of the development of laser spectroscopy and the other half to ; KAI M. SIEGBAHN  for his contribution to the development of high resolution electroscopes.

1980

The prize was divided equally between; JAMES W.CRONIN and VALL. FITCH for the discovery of violations symmetry principles in the decay of neutral k- mesons.

1979

The prise was divided between; SHELDON L. GLASHOW, ABDUS SALAM and STEVEN WEINBERG for the contributions to the theory of unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including inter alia the predication of the weak neutral current.

1978

The prise was divided between; PYOTR LEONIDOVICH KAPITSA for the basic invention and the discoveries in the area of low temperature physics and the other half divided equally between  ARNO A. PENZIAS and ROBERT W. WILSON for the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation.

1977

The prise was divided equally between; PHILIP W. ANDERSON, SIR NEVILL F. MOTT and JOHN H. VAN VLECK for their fundamental theatrical investigations of electronic structure of magnetic and disordered system.

1976

The prize was divided equally between; BURTON RICHTER and SAMUEL C.C. TING  for the pioneering  work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind

1975

The prize was awarded jointly to; AAGE BOHR, BEN MOTTELSON and JAMES RAINWATER for the discovery of connection between collective motion and in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection.

  

1974

The prize was awarded jointly to; SIR MARTIN RYLE and ANTONY HEWISH for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics Ryle for the observation and inventions, in particular of aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pursers.

1973

The prize was divided, one half being equally shared between; LEO ESAKI and IVAR GIAEVER. For their experimental discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in semiconductors respectively.

And the other half to BRAIN D. JOSEPHSON for the theoretical predictions of properties of super current through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known  as the Josephson effects.

1972

The prize was awarded jointly to; JOHN BARDEEN, LEON N. COOPER and J. ROBERT SCHRIEFFER for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS- theory.

1971

DENNIS GABOR FOR his invention and development of the holographic method

1970

The prize was divided equally between:

HANNES ALFVEN for fundamental work and discoveries in magneto-hydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics.

LOUIS NEEL for fundamental work and discoveries concerning ant ferromagnetism and ferromagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics

1969

MURRAY GELL-MANN for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions.

1968

LUIS W. ALVAREZ for his decisive contributions to elementary particles physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis.

1967

HANS ALBRECHT BETHE for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars.

1966

ALFRED KASTLER for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying hertzian resonanances in atoms

1965

The prize was awarded jointly to:

SIN- ITIRO TOMONAGA, JULIAN SCHWINGER and RICHARD P. FEYNMAN for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles.

1964

The prize was divided, one half being awarded to: CHARLESNH. TOWNES and the other half to ; SIN-ITIRO TOMONAGA . JULIAN SCHWINGER and RICHARD P. FEYNMAN for the fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles.

1963

The prize was divided, one half being awarded to;

EUGENE P. WIGNER for his contributions to the theory of atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles and the other half jointly to;

1962

LEV DAVIDOVICH LANDAU for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium.

1961

The prize was divided equally between;

ROBERT HOFSTADTER for his pioneering studies of electron scattering at atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of nucleons

RUDOLF LUDWIG MOSSBAUER for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name.

1960

DONALD A. GLASER for the invention of the bubble chamber.

1959

The prize was awarded jointly to;

EMILIO GINO SEGRE and OWEN CHAMBERLAIN for their discovery of antiproton.

1958

The prize was awarded jointly to;

PAVEL ALEKSEYEVICH CHERENKOV, IL’JA MIKHAILOVICH FRANK and IGOR YEVGENYEVICH TAMM for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov Effect.

1957

The prize was awarded jointly to;

CHEN NING YANG and TSUNG DAO LEE for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles.

1956

The prize was awarded jointly to

WILLIAM SHOCKLEY, JOHN BARDEEN and WALTER HOUSER BRATTAIN for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect.

1955

The prize was divided equally between;

WILLISEUGENE LANB for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum

POLYKARP KUSCH for his precision determination of the magnatic moment of the electron.

1954

The prize was divided equally between;

MAX BORN for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wave function.

WALTHER BOTHE for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith.

1953

FRITS (FREDERIK) ZERNIKE for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contract microscope.

1952

FELIX BLOCH and EDWARD MILLS PURCELL for there development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith.

1951

The prize was awarded jointly to;

SIR JOHN DOUGLAS COCKCROFT and ERNEST THOMAS SINTON WALTON for their  pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially acce lerated atomic particles.

1950

CECIL FRANK POWELL for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with the method.

1949

HIDEKI YUKAWA for his predication of the existence of masons on the basis  of 

theoretical work on nuclear forces.

1948

LORD PATRICK MAYNARD STUART BLACKETT for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation.

1947

SIR EDWARD VICTOR APPLETON for his investigation of the physics of upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of so-called Appleton layer.

1946

PERCY WILLIAMS BRIDGMAN for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics.

1945

WOLFGANG PAULI for the discovery of the exclusion principle also called the Pauli principle.

1944

ISIDOR ISAAC RABI for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei.

1943

OTTO STERN for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton.

1942-1940

The prize money was allocated to the main fund (1/3) and to the special fund (2/3) of the prize section.

1939

ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE for the development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it , especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements.

1938

ENRICO FERMI for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons.

1937

The prize was awarded jointly to;

CLINTON JOSEPH DEVISSON and SIR GEORGE PAGET THOMSON for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals.

1936

The prize was divided equally between;

VICTOR FRANZ HESS for his discovery of cosmic radiation.

CARL DAVID ANDERSON for his discovery of the position.

1935

SIR JAMES CHADWICK for the discovery of the neutron.

1934

The prize money was allocated to the main fund (1/3) and to the special fund (2/3) of the prize section.

1933

The prize was awarded jointly to

ERWIN SCHRODINGER and PAUL ADRIEN MAURICE DIRAC for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory.

1932

WERNER HEISNBERG for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has , inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen.

1931

The prize money was allocated to the main fund (1/3) and the special fund (2/3) of the prize section.

1930

SIR CHANDRASEKHARE VENKATE RAMAN for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him.

1929

PRINCE LOUIS-VICTOR DE BROGLIE for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons.

1928

SIR OWEN WILLANS RICHARDSON for the work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the low named after him.

1927

The prize was divided equally between;

ARTHUR HOLLY COMPTON for his discovery of the effect named after him.

CHARLES THOMSON REES WILSON for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour.

1926

JEAN BAPTISTE PERRIN for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium.

1925

The prize was awarded jointly to;

JAMES FRANCK and GUSTAV HERTZ for their discovery of the lows governing the impact of an electron upon an atom.

1924

KARL MANNE GEORG SIEGBAHN for his discoveries and research in the field of x-ray spectroscopy.

1923

ROBERT ANDREWS MILLIKAN for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect.

1922

NIELS BOHR for his services tin the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them.

1921

ALBERT EINSTEIN for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the low of the photoelectric effect.

1920

CHARLES EDOUARD GUILLAUME in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys

1919

JOHANNES STARK for his discovery of the Doppler Effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields.

1918

MAX KARL ERNST LUDWIG PLANCK in recognition of the rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy quanta.

1917

CHARLES GLOVER BARKLA for his discovery of the characteristic Rontgen radiation of the elements

1916

The prize money for this year was allocated to the special fund of prize section

1915

The prize was awarded jointly to;

SIR WILLIAM HENRY BRAGG and SIR WILLIAM LAWRENCE BRAGG for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.

1914

MAX VON LAUE for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.

1913

HEIKE KAMERLINGH-ONNES for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium.

1912

NILLS GUSTAF DALEN for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating and buoys.

 1911

WILHELM WIEN for his discoveries regarding the lows governing the radiation of heat.

1910

JOHANNES DIDERIK VAN DER WAALS for his work on the equation of start for gases and liquids.

1909

The prize was awarded jointly to:

GUGLIELMO MARCONI and CARL FERDINAND BRAUN in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy.

1908

GABRIEL LIPPMANN for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference.

1907

ALBERT ABRAHAM MICHELSON for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid.

1906

SIR JOSEPH JOHN THOMOS in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigation on the conduction of electricity by gases.

1905

PHILIPP EDUARD ANTON LENARD for his work on cathode rays.

1904

LORD JOHN WILLIAM STRUTT RAVLEIGH for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies.

1903

The prize was divided, one half being awarded to:

ANTOINE HENRI BECOUEREL in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity the other half jointly to:

PIERRE CURIE and MARIE CURIE. Nee SKLODOWSKA in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by                 PROFESSOR HENRI BECQUEREL.

1902

The prize was awarded jointly to:

HENDRIK ANTOON LORENTZ and PIETER ZEEMAN in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena.

1901

WILHELM CONRAD RONTGEN in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the remarkable rays subsequently named after him.